DYADIC EMPATHY AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION STRATEGIES ACROSS GENERATIONAL LINES

Abstract

This literature review explores the interplay between dyadic empathy and conflict resolution strategies within romantic relationships, focusing on generational differences between Millennials and Generation Z. Drawing upon four theoretical perspectives, Empathy-Altruism Theory, Dual Concern Theory, the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument, and Life Course Theory, the review examines how empathy (both cognitive and affective) informs the choice and effectiveness of conflict resolution strategies in intimate relationships. Empirical findings suggest that dyadic empathy fosters constructive strategies such as collaboration and compromise, which enhance relational satisfaction and stability. In contrast, the absence of empathy correlates with destructive styles like avoidance or competition. Generational differences further moderate these dynamics, with Millennials generally demonstrating greater emotional regulation and a preference for reflective conflict management. Gen Z, shaped by the digital era, often exhibit heightened emotional sensitivity and reliance on indirect conflict resolution methods. Despite growing research linking empathy and conflict resolution, few studies have explored how these constructs operate across generational cohorts in African contexts. This review highlights a significant gap in the literature concerning dyadic processes in romantic relationships within Nigeria’s rapidly evolving socio-cultural landscape, thereby providing a foundation for future empirical investigations.